Grapes that fall and are left behind during the harvest. We must leave them for the poor.

A corner of the field which is designated for poor people to come and take.

Whoever comes first can acquire it. As a קנסto someone who acts against the חכמיםand places something hazardous in רשות הרבים, the Bais Din makes the hazardous item הפקר, and anyone can come and take it.

אונס רחמנא פטריה

פאה

עבד עברי נרצע

עבדינן שליחותייהו

כל הקודם זכה

An animal that damages by an act that is considered normal for this animal is called a מועד- forewarned. Since this is a unsual behavior for this animal, the owner is considered forewarned of the danger and he should have setup measures to prevent it. When a מועדcauses damage, the owner pays נזק שלם.

A penalty that: a) has a set amount, b) is not meant to cover a financial loss. A קנסcannot be collected outside of Eretz Yisroel.

פרט

קנס

עוללות

עבד כנעניis a Jewish slave. He works for 6 years, then goes free. He can marry a שפחה כנעניתwhile he is a slave. If he wants to remain a slave, he gets his ear pierced and is a slave until יובל. This is called a נרצע- pierced.

שטר מוקדם

The judges in בבלact as the שלוחיםof the judges in Eretz Yisroel, and can rule even though there's no סמיכהin בבל. This is only used in cases of ממון(financial loss).

מועד

A predated שטר. If the שטרhas a date that is earlier than the date of the actual loan, the שטרis פסול. This is because of the risk that the lender may collect illegally from מועבדים.

Parts of the vine that are not producing quality grapes and must be left for the poor.

If a person damages or does an עבירהwhen it was totally out of his control (אונס), he is פטור.